AAP releases practice guideline on diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis.

www.aafp.org/afp Volume 91, Number 8 ◆ April 15, 2015 Bronchiolitis, which is the most common reason infants are hospitalized in the first year of life, is typically caused by viral lower respiratory tract infection (e.g., respiratory syncytial virus [RSV]) and often causes acute swelling, edema, epithelial cell necrosis in small airways, and increased production of mucus. Typically, symptoms start as rhinitis and cough; these can evolve into tachypnea, wheezing, rales, accessory muscle use, or flaring of the nostrils. This guideline on the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis in children one to 23 months of age from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) updates a previous guideline published in 2006.